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RWP 22-10, September 2022; updated July 2024

Downward nominal wage rigidity limits the downward adjustment of nominal wages, especially during recessions. Although macroeconomic models suggest that downward wage rigidity exacerbates employment losses and generates asymmetric business cycles when inflation is low, direct empirical evidence for this effect is scarce. This paper estimates effective downward nominal wage rigidities that account for different inflation environments across 53 countries and finds that downward wage rigidities are associated with minimum wage policies and widespread. Further, countries with higher effective downward nominal wage rigidities are subject to more sizable contractions in employment and real GDP per capita during recessions.

JEL classifications: E24, E32, J31

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Johannes Matschke

Economist

Johannes Matschke is an economist in the Macroeconomics and Monetary Policy Division at the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. He joined the Bank in 2021 after obtaining his P…

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